Course: Foundations·Lesson 1 of 3·5 min read·Last reviewed 1 May 2026

What is a market?

Markets are matching engines — not apps, not charts, not tips.

Dr. Maya Halloran
Dr. Maya Halloran

CFA · 14 yrs on a commodities prop desk · ex-lecturer, NYU Stern

By the end of this lesson you'll be able to:

  • Define what a financial market does in one sentence
  • Explain why prices move when buyers and sellers disagree
  • Identify who provides liquidity on most retail platforms

Markets are matching engines

A market is not a building or a website — it is a system that matches buyers and sellers. When prices move, it is because available liquidity shifted: more people wanted to buy than sell at the old price, or the reverse.

Market
A venue where buyers and sellers meet to trade financial instruments at prices set by supply and demand.

Retail platforms show you a price, but that price exists because someone — often a market maker or another participant — is willing to take the other side. Understanding that relationship is the foundation of everything that follows.

Quiz — Test your understanding

1. What is the primary function of a financial market?

2. Why do prices move?

3. Who is often on the other side of a retail trade?

Next lesson

What is a broker, really?

  • Explain the difference between a broker and an exchange
  • Identify the three regulatory tiers a retail broker can sit in

Glossary terms used in this lesson